The morphological variation of the two species B. vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland cv. vittata McClure and B. ventricosa McClure leads to the confusion in determination of their scientific names. Therefore, in this research, the PIF sequence was used in order to contribute as one of solutions for this problem. Specific primer pairs PIF5/PIF3 was used to clone target genes from 16 bamboo samples having different morphologies by living conditions. Eight samples of species B. vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland cv. vittata McClure had intenode characters variable from belly out like Baddha belly (3 samples) to straight (3 samples) and both carrying belly out and straight (2 samples). Internodes of eight B. ventricosa McClure samples included was charaterised by chicken thigh-like belly in 2 samples, straight in 3 samples and both carrying belly and straight in 3 samples. PCR amplifications were obtained in all samples with the fragment length of 450 bp. Comparison of nucleotide sequences of PIF gene regions showed that the samples of the same species (B. vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland cv. vittata McClure or B. ventricosa McCJure) have 100 percent similarity. The results obtained in this study are consistent with the results when comparing the nucleotide sequences of three chloroplast gene regions (IrnL-trnF, pshA-IrnH and marK gene) analysis with 16 samples in this study (nucleotide sequences between samples of the same species of bamboo were 100 percent). The results confirmed that different living conditions cause the change in phenotype, not genotype of target bamboo species.
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