The genus Hedyotis comprises 500 species in the world and mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, mostly in Africa and Asia, a few in warm temperate regions. Specimens belonging to the Hedyotis cathayana (Rubiaceae) have been found in Gia Lai province as a new record for flora of Vietnam. Hedyotis cathayana has some special characters, such as: Herbs, presumably perennial, erect, to 50 (-80)cm tall; stems glabrous, 4-angled, angles sharp to winged, wings to 2mm wide. Leaves sessile or subsessile; blade drying papery to membranous, purple on midrib at least when young, eliptic-oblong, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 8-15 x 2-4cm, glabrous, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, apex acute to long acuminate; secondary veins 7 or 8 pairs; stipules apparently fused shortly around stem, broadly triangular, 4-12mm. Inflorescence axillary, cymose to shortly paniculate, 1.5-3.5cm, glabrous, subsessile to pedunculate; peduncles to 2cm; bracts linear-Ianceolate, lanceolate, or narrowly eliptic, 1-12mm; pedicels to 1.5mm. Corolla white or pale green, funnelforrn to tubular-funnelforrn, outside glabrous; tube 6-9mm. These specimens were collected in Mang Yang district, Gia Lai province and are preserved in the National Herbarium of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam (HN).